Diversifying Rural Economies with Natural Resources: The Difference Between Local and Regional OHV Trail Destinations

Abstract

With an estimated forty-four million riders, Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV) usage is one of the fastest growing forms of recreation in the United States. The National Survey on Recreation and the Environment suggests that this recreation and growth is largely occurring on public lands, most of which are situated in rural areas. OHV riders have been reported to have a consumer surplus ranging from US$ 25.51 to US$ 131.58 for recreational day trips, creating a potential lucrative market for rural communities wishing to diversify their economy. However, research has also found that OHV use can negatively impact natural resources and the experience of other non-OHV visitors. Given the potential positive economic impact, as well as the potential negative environmental and social impacts, it is important to identify which factors are most important for attracting OHV users that maximize positive outcomes and reduce negative outcomes. Additionally, for destinations seeking to establish or expand OHV opportunities to attract substantial users, information is needed on the differences between trail systems that attract only local markets, versus regional or national markets. Results suggest that the primary factor distinguishing between local and regional trails systems is the number of miles of trail, with secondary considerations being trail design and management policies. Keywords: Off Highway Vehicles (OHV), motorized recreation, rural natural resources, trail characteristics